Ocean College and School Students Science Projects materials

Cascode amplifier is a two stage circuit consisting of a transconductance amplifier followed by a buffer amplifier. The word “cascode” was originated from the phrase “cascade to cathode”. This circuit have a lot of advantages over the single stage amplifier like, better input output isolation, better gain, improved bandwidth, higher input impedance, higher output impedance, better stability, higher slew rate etc. The reason behind the increase in bandwidth is the reduction of Miller effect. Cascode amplifier is generally constructed using FET ( field effect transistor) or BJT ( bipolar junction transistor). One stage will be usually wired in common source/common emitter mode and the…

Log amplifier. Log amplifier is a linear circuit in which the output voltage will be a constant times the natural logarithm of the input. The basic output equation of a log amplifier is v Vout = K ln (Vin/Vref); where Vref is the constant of normalisation, and K is the scale factor. Log amplifier finds a lot of application in electronic fields like multiplication or division (they can be performed by the addition and subtraction of the logs of the operand), signal processing, computerised process control, compression, decompression, RMS value detection etc. Basically there are two log amp configurations: Opamp-diode…

LM4910 stereo headphone amplifier. LM4910 belonging to the Boomer series of National Semiconductors is an integrated stereo amplifier primarily intended for stereo headphone applications. The IC can be operated from 3.3V ans its can deliver 0.35mW output power into a 32 ohm load. The LM4910 has very low distortion ( less than 1%)   and the shutdown current is less than 1uA. This low shut down current makes it suitable for battery operated applications. The IC is so designed that there is no need of the output coupling capacitors, half supply by-pass capacitors and bootstrap capacitors. Other features of the IC are…

Amplifier is a circuit that is used for amplifying a signal. The input signal to an amplifier will be a current or voltage and the output will be an amplified version of the input signal. An amplifier circuit which is purely based on a transistor or transistors is called a transistor amplifier. Transistors amplifiers are commonly used in applications like RF (radio frequency), audio, OFC (optic fibre communication) etc. Anyway the most common application we see in our day to day life is the usage of transistor as an audio amplifier. As you know there are three transistor configurations that…

There are more than 20 circuits which show the different applications of the op-amp. We are listing the links of our best 15 circuits with detailed descriptions and circuit diagrams. Do not forget to go through the comments section for each post, from where you will get ideas about how to modify the circuit. Also if you have any doubts, feel free to ask them through comments. Before going into detail about the different op-amp application circuits, it is important to know about the basics of op-amp,…

BA5417 stereo power amplifier. BA5417 is a stereo amplifier IC with a lot of good features like thermal shut down, standby function, soft clipping, wide operating voltage range etc. The IC can deliver 5W per channel into 4 ohm loud speakers at 12V DC supply voltage. The BA5417 has excellent sound quality and low THD (total harmonic distortion) around 0.1% at F=1kHz; Pout=0.5W. Description. Setup and working of this stereo power amplifier circuit is somewhat similar to the BA5406 based stereo amplifier circuit published previously. C10 and C11 are DC decoupling capacitors which block any DC level present in the…

BA5406 stereo amplifier. BA5406 is a monolithic integrated stereo amplifier from ROHM semiconductors. It can deliver 5W per channel into a 4 ohm loudspeaker at 9V supply. Amplifiers based on BA5406 does not require an output coupling transformer and can be operated from a single supply. The operating voltage range is from 5 to 15V DC. This makes the IC suitable for low power car audio applications. Other applications of BA5406 are portable audio players, stereo component systems, television etc. The BA5406 has great channel separation, good channel isolation, small pop-up noise, low noise, low thermal resistance and is available…

60 watt amplifier STK4038. STK4038 is an integrated AF power amplifier that can deliver 60 watts of output power into a 4 ohm load. The internal fixed current circuitry reduces switch ON/OFF clicks. The IC supports the addition of external circuits for thermal shutdown, pop noise reduction, output short circuit protection etc. Description. The 60 watt amplifier shown below is designed based on the datasheet and performs very well. Capacitor C1 is the input DC decoupling capacitor which blocks any DC level present in the audio input and C12 is the input by-pass capacitor. R1 is the input resistor.C10 and…

50 watt audio amplifier. LM3876 is a high performance audio power amplifier IC from National Semiconductors. The LM3876 can deliver 50watts of output power into an 8 ohm loudspeaker. LM3876 has excellent signal to noise ratio and has wide supply voltage range. Other features of LM3876 are output to ground short circuit protection, input mute function, and output over voltage protection, etc. Applications of LM3876 are component stereo, compact stereo, surround systems, self powered speakers, etc. Description. The 50 watt audio amplifier circuit shown below is designed based on the application diagram from the data sheet of LM3876. Some modifications…

100W Audio Amplifier TDA7294. TDA7294 is an integrated, monolithic, Class AB audio amplifier designed specifically for Hi-Fi applications. The IC has a DMOS output stage and can deliver 100W RMS into an 8Ohm speaker at +/-38V dual supply. The TDA7294 has low noise, low distortion, good ripple rejection and can be operated from a wide range of supply voltages. The IC has built in short circuit protection and thermal shutdown circuitries. The IC is available in multiwatt 15V and multiwatt 15H packages. Description. In the circuit TDA7294 is configured to provide 100W output power into an 8Ohm loudspeaker at +/-…

LA3161 Stereo Preamplifier. LA3161 is an integrated 2 channel pre-amplifier intended for car stereo applications. The LA3161 has a built in voltage regulator which plays a great role in improving ripple rejection . The IC requires minimum number of external parts and the noise level is very low. The IC has high input impedance (around 100K) and is available in an 8 pin SIL package. Description. In the circuit both of the built in amplifier section are used. Capacitors C8 and C9 are input coupling capacitors. Capacitors C3 & C6 are noise filter capacitors. The lower cut-off frequency depends on…

LA4550 Audio Amplifier 4W BTL. LA4550 is a 2 channel audio frequency power amplifier IC specifically designed for radio, tape-recorder use etc. The features of LA4550 are low quiescent current, built in 2 channels for stereo and bridge mode operation, excellent ripple rejection, good channel separation, negligible pop-up noise during power ON/OFF. The LA4550 can be operated from 12 Vdc and can deliver 4W of output power into an 8 ohm speaker. Description. In this circuit LA4550 is wired in bridge mode. For stereo application, two identical amplifier modes have to be built according to the circuit diagram. In the…

Class AB Audio Power Amplifier. Class AB amplifier is an amplifier configuration that stands somewhere between Class A and Class B configurations. A small diode biasing voltage keeps the output transistors ON even if there is no input signal. The transistors will operate normally in their active region for any small input signal.In simple words, one transistor will be ON for more than one half cycle of the input signal. This avoids crossover distortion. Anyway, a small amount of collector current will flow in the idle condition, but it is negligible when compared to the Class A configuration. . A simple,…

TDA2822 amplifier circuit ( BTL & Stereo ). TDA2822 is a monolithic integrated audio amplifier circuit that can be configured in stereo mode or bridge mode (BTL). The IC has low crossover distortion, low quiescent current and is available in 16 pin power DIP package. The TDA2822 can be operated from a supply voltage range of 3V to 15V. The main applications of TDA2822 are headphone amplifier, portable audio systems, mini radio, hearing aid, preamplifier etc. The IC can deliver an output power of 0.65W per channel into a 4 ohm loud speaker @ 6V supply voltage in the stereo…

100W MOSFET power amplifier. A 100W MOSFET power amplifier circuit based on IRFP240 and IRFP9240 MOSFETs is shown here. The amplifier operates from a +45/-45 V DC dual supply and can deliver 100 watt rms into an 8 ohm speaker and 160 watt rms into a 4 ohm speaker. This Hi-Fi amplifier circuit is suitable for a lot applications like general purpose amplifier, guitar amplifier, keyboard amplifier. The amplifier can be also used as a sub woofer amplifier but a subwoofer filter stage has to be added before the input stage. The amplifier has a low distortion of 0.1%, a…

TDA2613 Hi Fi audio amplifier Description. A 6 watt audio amplifier circuit using TDA2613 is shown here. TDA2613 is an integrated Hi-Fi audio amplifier IC from Philips Semiconductors. The IC is switch ON / switch OFF click proof, short circuit proof, thermally protected and is available in 9 pin single in line plastic package. In the given circuit, TDA2613 is wired to operate from a single supply. Capacitor C4 is the input DC decoupler while capacitors C5, C6 are power supply filters. Input audio is fed to the non inverting input through capacitor C4. Inverting input and Vp/2 pins of…

30 Watts Audio amplifier Circuit Description. A 30 watt audio amplifier circuit using TDA2040 is shown here. TDA2040 is a Class AB monolithic integrated audio amplifier available in Pentawatt package. The IC has low harmonic distortion, low cross over distortion and has a built in circuitry for short circuit protection. In the circuit two TDA2040 ICs are wired in BTL (Bridge Tied Load) configuration in order to deliver 30W output into an 8 ohm speaker at +/-16V DC supply. Capacitor C1 is the input DC decoupling capacitor. Network comprising of components R2, C4, R3 provides feedback for IC1 while R7,…

10 Watts MOSFET Amplifier Description. The diagram shown here is of a 10W MOSFET amplifier circuit that requires only a single supply. Single rail supply is seldom used in Class-B power amplifiers. Anyway, for low power applications like this it’s quite fine. Actually I got this circuit from an old cassette player that is still working and I am publishing it as it is. The powers MOSFETs BD512 and BD522 are obsolete now and so you may use any other matching power MOSFETS instead of them. Transistors Q1 and Q2 is wired as a Darlington pair works as the preamplifier…

Car Audio Amplifier Circuit Description. A simple low power car stereo amplifier circuit based on TDA 2003 is shown here. The circuit uses cheap, readily available components and it is very easy to construct. TDA2003 is an integrated car radio amplifier from ST Micro electronics that has a lot of good features like short circuit protection for all pins, thermal over range low harmonic distortion, low cross over distortion etc. In the circuit given here each TDA2003 is wired as a mono amplifier operating from a 12V supply. Resistors R2 and R3 forms a feedback network that sets the amplifiers…

A simple and easy to build 50 watt MOSFET audio amplifier circuit is shown below. The circuit uses easily available components and provides excellent sound quality . Description: The first stage of the amplifier is a differential amplifier based on transistors Q1 and Q2. Capacitor C8 is the input DC decoupler, R1 limits input current and capacitor C1 bypasses unwanted high frequencies. The second stage is the driver stage consisting of transistors Q3 and Q4. Output stage is a complementary push pull stage based on MOSFETs IRF530 and IRF9530.Output is coupled the speaker using the inductor L1. Network comprising…

Car Stereo Amplifier Circuit Given below is the circuit of a car stereo amplifier that can be used in cars or other vehicles. We have used TDA1553, which is a Class-B audio amplifier. Description : Here is the circuit of a car stereo amplifier based on TDA1553. TDA1553 is a monolithic Class-B audio amplifier which contains 2 x 22 watt amplifiers in bridge tied load configuration. The amplifier operates from 12V DC and is developed intentionaly for car audio applications. The IC also has a load of good features like short circuit protection, load dump protection, reverse polarity protection, loud…

Audio Amplifier Circuit – 15 Watts The circuit below is of a 15 Watts Class B audio amplifier circuit designed using a dual Op-amp and transistors. Description : The circuit shown here is of a simple Class-B audio amplifier based on opamp TL082, transistors TIP41 and TIP42. LM833 is a dual opamp with high slew rate and low distortion particularly designed for audio applications. This audio amplifier circuit can deliver 15 watt audio output into an 8 ohm speaker at +12/-12V DC dual supply. Both opamps in the IC are used here. IC1a is wired as a buffer and capacitor…

Active Crossover Circuit Given below is an Active crossover circuit suitable for HiFi audio systems using LM833, the dual operational amplifier. Description: Crossover circuits are of two types, active and passive. Passive crossover circuit uses passive components only and they are very simple, but they waste a considerable amount of energy and also induce distortion. Active crossovers does not have the above said draw backs and they are a better option for HiFi audio systems. Active crossovers split the incoming complex audio signal into to two bands, a low frequency out and a high frequency out. These two bands a…

Bridge Amplifier The circuit given below is a bridge audio amplifier circuit using IC TDA4935. Description : TDA4935 is 2x15W high quality audio amplifier IC from Siemens. The IC can be used in stereo mode or bridge mode. In stereo mode it can deliver 15W per channel and in bridge mode it can deliver 30W into a 8 ohm load at 30V supply. TDA4935 requires very few external components and has a wide power supply voltage range. The IC operates in class B mode and has built-in circuitry for over temperature protection and overload protection. Circuit diagram of TDA4935 bridge…

Description. LM4880 is HiFi dual audio amplifier IC from National Semiconductors. This IC is specifically designed to produce high quality audio output with a minimum number of external components.LM4880 is capable of delivering 250mW per channel into an 8 ohm load. The IC has 0.1% THD and has a supply voltage range of 2.7 to 5V DC. In the circuit shown below, resistors R1 and R2 are feedback resistors.C4 and C5 are input DC decoupling capacitors. Capacitor C3 provides power supply filtering and thereby reduces noise. The amplifier automatically shut downs when a logic high is given to the shutdown…

Description The audio amplifier shown here is based on the TDA7240 IC from ST Microelectronics. The TDA 7240 is an integrated audio amplifier IC that can deliver 20 watts of audio output power into a 4ohm load. The IC has minimum external parts count and is available in the 7 pin compact Heptawatt package. The IC also has a lot of good features like loud speaker protection, short circuit protection, low noise, low distortion etc. The circuit can be operated from a 12V DC single power supply and this makes it very useful in car audio applications. Circuit diagram. Notes….

Description. The circuit diagram shown here is of a 2 x 60 Watt stereo amplifier based on the LM4780 from National Semiconductors. LM4780 is a superb audio amplifier IC capable of delivering 60W Rms power output / channel into 8 ohm speakers. The LM4780 has very low total harmonic distortion (less than 0.5% at full output) and has a power supply rejection ration (PSRR) of 85 dB. The IC requires very few external components and has a built in mute facility. The LM4780 is completely protected using their trademark SPiKe technology and has a signal to noise ratio greater than…

This versatile amplifier circuit is designed and submitted by Mr Seetharaman Subramanian from Chennai . The full credit of this article goes to him and we are very proud to publish this fabulous circuit here. Seetharaman’s description about the circuit. This concept has appeared long back in Practical Electronics a UK based Magazine. Based on this concept I designed this circuit during 1981 to 1986 with lots of field trials and modifications, the design was frozen in 1986. I have assembled so many amplifiers for me and for my friends based on this design with various power levels. They are…

Description. The circuit given here is of a 2 x 32 Watt stereo amplifier using the famous TDA2050V IC from ST Microelectronics. The TDA2050V is an integrated monolithic 32 watt class AB audio amplifier IC available in the Pentawatt package. The IC has lot of good features like low distortion, short circuit protection, thermal shut down etc. Two TDA2050V ICs are used here, one for each channel. For each channel the input audio signal is fed to the non-inverting input of the IC through 1uF (Non-Polarized electrolytic) capacitor and this capacitor performs the job of DC decoupling. The ratio of…

Description. A lot of electronic circuits in the domain of audio amplifiers are already been published here. This circuit is a little different because it is a four channel amplifier. Each channel of this amplifier can deliver an output of 15Watts into a 4 ohm speaker. The amplifier can be operated from a single 12V DC supply and this makes it possible to use this amplifier in car audio applications too. The circuit is based on the 15W BTL X 2 channel audio power amplifier IC TA8215 from Toshiba. Even though chip is specifically designed for car audio applications it…

Introduction to Operational Amplifiers In this post, the basics of an operational amplifier (generally abbreviated as op-amp) will be analysed along with its block diagram, basic structure, symbol, types and a detailed explanation of the typical op-amp. What is an operational amplifier (op-amp)? An op-amp is a multi-stage , direct coupled, high gain negative feedback amplifier that has one or more differential amplifiers and its concluded with a level translator and an output stage.A voltage-shunt feedback is provided in an op-amp to obtain a stabilized voltage gain. Op-amps are available as Integrated Circuits (IC’s). The main use of an op-amp…

Low Cost 150 Watt Amplifier Circuit Description This is the cheapest 150 Watt amplifier circuit you can make,I think.Based on two Darlington power transistors TIP 142 and TIP 147 ,this circuit can deliver a blasting 150 W Rms to a 4 Ohm speaker.Enough for you to get rocked?;then try out this. TIP 147 and 142 are complementary Darlington pair transistors which can handle 5 A current and 100V ,famous for their ruggedness. Here two BC 558 transistors Q5 and Q4 are wired as pre amplifier and TIP 142 ,TIP 147 together with TIP41 (Q1,Q2,Q3) is used for driving the speaker.This…

Hi Fi Amplifier Circuit – 2X12 Watts Description. Here is the circuit of a 2X12 watt H iFi amplifier circuit using IC TDA 2616 from Phillips.A quiet simple and robust circuit using very less components.This makes the circuit ideal for a portable power amplifier.The circuit delivers 12 Watts power on 8 Ohm speaker for each channel at +/- 12 V dual supply. The TDA2616 is a stereo power amplifier IC comes in a 9-lead single-in-line (SIL9) plastic power package (SOT131). This IC is specially designed for mains fed amplifier circuits, such as stereo radio,tape and television .The IC has good…

Mini Amplifier Circuit Description Here is a simple and humble 2 Watts mini audio amplifier circuit suitable for small pocket radios and other portable audio gadgets.The circuit is based on Phillips Semiconductors IC TDA 7052.The amplifier can be run even from a 3V Mercury button cell.This makes it ideal for battery operated gadgets. The IC TDA7052 is a mono output amplifier coming in a 8-lead DI package (DIP). The device is mainly designed for battery-operated portable audio circuits. The features of TDA 7052 include ,no external components needed, no switch-on or switch-off click sounds , great overall stability ,very low…

Power Amplifier Circuit – 25 Watts Description Here is the diagram of a 25 Watt power amplifier circuit made of TDA 2009 IC.TDA 2009 has two channels each rating 12.5 watts on 4 Ohm load.Here the two channels are bridged to get a single out put channel weighting 25 W. TDA 2009 IC has also built in features such as short circuit protection,thermal protection, overload protection etc using very low external components.The most interesting factor I see about this IC is that it require no dual supply. Power Amplifier Circuit Diagram and Power Supply Circuit Schematic Notes Do not…

This article lists various types of audio amplifier circuits using Mosfet.We have tested all these circuits in our lab and we found all of them performing satisfactorily. Note: This article will be modified with new versions of Mosfet amplifier circuits in future;we shall notify new additions in our home page. This article contains following list of amplifier circuits using Mosfet. List of Circuits 1. 18 Watts Mosfet Amplifier 2. 10 Watt Mosfet Audio Amplifier 3. 50 Watt Mosfet Amplifier Circuit 1. 18 Watts Mosfet Audio Amplifier Description This circuit is an audio amplifier capable of delivering a decent output power…

19 Watts Simple Amplifier Circuit Description This is a 19 watt simple amplifier circuit diagram using IC LA4440 from Sanyo.It uses very less components other than the IC LA4440.A very high quality circuit with respect to its cost and ideal for beginners. Here IC LA 4440 is wired as a bridge amplifier to deliver a 19 W Rms on a 4 Ohm speaker. The IC has built in thermal, over voltage and short circuit protection.The IC also incorporates a audio muting function,but that is not used here. Notes . Use a 12 V DC power supply able to deliver at…